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Protection for cultural treasures: How light damages our monuments!
The University of Bamberg and its partners are investigating light protection measures for over 30 monuments in Germany in order to preserve art treasures.
Protection for cultural treasures: How light damages our monuments!
In an innovative research project, the Otto Friedrich University of Bamberg, in collaboration with the Competence Center for Monument Studies and Monument Technologies (KDWT) and other institutions, examined the effects of sunlight on art and cultural assets in over 30 monuments in Bavaria, Baden-Württemberg, Saxony and Saxony-Anhalt. This project, funded by the German Federal Environmental Foundation (DBU), aims to develop and test sustainable protective measures.
A central concern of the project is the recognition that light is a serious damaging factor for historical materials. The University of Bamberg points out that visible light can cause significant damage to cultural assets. Colors fade, binding agents can decompose and surfaces become brittle. This damage is often cumulative and irreversible and can occur within a short period of time.
Research and development of effective protection systems
As part of the project, 56 sample panels will be installed in selected buildings, made from various materials such as wood, textiles, parchment, leather and synthetic resin. These panels are used to examine the different effects of light protection systems. They are partially shielded so that they are light-tight and are intended to provide measurement data over a period of one year.
The project includes the use of innovative protection systems, including UV and infrared adhesive films, special glazing and transparent films. Measuring devices are also used to record temperature, humidity and illuminance. This data will result in a guide on the use of light protection systems to develop long-term strategies to protect monuments from light-related damage.
The DBU project also evaluates various light protection systems with regard to their compatibility with monuments, safety aspects and cost-effectiveness. The measures should be designed in such a way that they only minimally affect the original substance of the monuments. The experiences from around 40 case studies in southern and central Germany are also incorporated into the development of these protection strategies.
Measurements and practical applications
The research work includes a systematic investigation in the Alte Schäfflerei real-world laboratory in Benediktbeuern. Methods such as light and color measurements as well as the comprehensive recording of climatic conditions are used here. A special measuring box with five sensors enables detailed light measurements to be carried out at various test stations over 1.5 years.
The results of the project will not only be presented to experts, but also made available to the public. Measures to pass on information should take place via the websites of the KDWT and the Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation (BLfD) in order to create broader awareness of the importance of light protection measures.
Overall, the project shows that light has both positive and negative effects on monument preservation. It is therefore crucial to develop individual solutions to meet the specific requirements of each monument. This research makes an important contribution to preserving our cultural heritage.