Study reveals: Olympic Games have no influence on democracy!

Study reveals: Olympic Games have no influence on democracy!

In a comprehensive study by the Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences at the University of Hamburg The often-cited connection between the Olympic Games and democratization in host countries is examined. The results, published in the upcoming issue of the journal Economic Analysis and Policy, offer a refreshing perspective on a frequently discussed myth. This research, which offers open access, could reignite the current debate about German cities' bids for the Summer Olympics.

In the past, the awarding of the Olympic Games was often accompanied by protests because human rights violations were uncovered in the organizing countries. The International Olympic Committee (IOC) argues that hosting the games in autocratic states could promote positive political developments and democratization. Only a limited period from 1972 to 2019 and the consideration of over 102 countries form the database for the analysis. These suspected positive effects that are linked to the games have now been confirmed by the study led by Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Maennig verified econometrically.

Key results of the study

The study found no significant impact of the Olympics on democracy, either positive or negative. This applies to both democratic and autocratic countries. Even when taking into account the heterogeneity of the organizing states and different global political situations, the result remains unchanged. Despite possible short-term effects—such as temporary optimism or increased government prestige—these could not be identified as measurable factors in changing levels of democracy.

The democracy indicators used, including the “V-Dem democracy index”, record political freedoms, political participation and individual freedoms. A total of 21 variables, such as educational equality, the economic situation and the level of democracy in neighboring countries, were included in the calculations. Despite the multitude of influencing factors, the question of the long-term effects of the Olympic Games on democracy currently remains unresolved.

Context of results

The results of this study could prove particularly beneficial for the current bids for the Olympic Games in Germany. They undermine the previous argument that the Olympic Games could have positive political benefits in less democratic countries. The doubts about the economic growth triggered by hosting such major events are also not new, but are further substantiated by this research.

In summary, the findings of this extensive study could influence both policy makers and society in their assessment of the Olympic Games. The possibility that such major sporting events do not provide the democratic impulses hoped for raises new questions about the role of sport in politics and society.