Flood of plastic threatens reefs of Illa Grossa: study sounds the alarm!

Flood of plastic threatens reefs of Illa Grossa: study sounds the alarm!

A current study led by the Christian Albrechts University in Kiel (CAU) has revealed alarming results on microplastic pollution in one of the most remote regions of the Mediterranean, the bay of Illa Grossa. Although this region is located 55 kilometers from the mainland, the research shows an alarmingly high concentration of microplastics and microrubber.

In total, sediment samples were taken from five locations within the Illa Grossa caldera, and the results revealed an average load of 1,514 microplastic and microrubber particles per kilogram of sediment. Of particular concern was the highest concentration of 6,345 particles from a sample that came from inside the coral colony.

The challenges of corals

The coral species studied, Cladocora caespitosa, is the only reef-building stony coral species in the Mediterranean and plays a crucial role in the marine ecosystem. Not only does it form important reef structures, but it also provides habitat for numerous other species. These corals are also indicators of environmental change and contribute to photosynthesis and plankton uptake, which is particularly important in times of heat stress.

The study, published in the Marine Pollution Bulletin, uses advanced analytical methods such as laser direct infrared spectroscopy (LDIR) to examine the size, shape and polymer type of the microplastic particles. Over 90% of the particles identified were smaller than 250 micrometers, making them potentially ingestible by corals.

Causes of microplastic pollution

Microplastic pollution is a pressing environmental problem that has devastating effects, particularly in marine ecosystems. According to a report by Thermoplastic composites Many microplastic particles come from broken down larger plastic parts. These enter the sea through rivers and alter the microbial community, disrupting the nitrogen cycle and potentially promoting toxic algae blooms.

An alarming fact is that over ten million tons of plastic waste end up in the oceans every year. The implications are serious: microplastics can cause physical blockages in the digestive systems of marine animals, and many organisms mistake them for food, contributing to a decline in their populations.

Urgent need for action

The results of the Kiel study make it clear that even remote protected areas are not immune to plastic pollution and that there is an urgent need for action. In order to effectively reduce microplastics, individual and collective measures are required. Consumers can reduce their plastic consumption and choose more sustainable products. At the same time, governments should introduce stricter regulations on plastic production and disposal.

Innovative solutions, including biodegradable materials and improved recycling practices, are essential. Educational campaigns to raise awareness of the dangers of microplastics are also necessary. In this way, we can work together to combat the flood of plastic in order to protect marine ecosystems and the health of our planet.