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Academic freedom threatened: Researchers report alarming pressures!
A new study from the FU Berlin analyzes self-censorship and pressure on scientists in the context of the Middle East conflict. Results and implications.
Academic freedom threatened: Researchers report alarming pressures!
The study “German Science since October 7th: Self-censorship and restrictions among researchers with a connection to the Middle East” published by the Free University of Berlin on September 15, 2023 shows alarming results on the state of academic freedom in Germany. According to the study conducted by Jannis Julien Grimm and his co-authors, around 85% of the scientists surveyed reported a noticeable increase in threats to academic freedom since October 7th. The survey was aimed at around 2,000 scientists who work on Middle East topics. The data collected illustrate an area of tension between free debate and increasing narrowing of discourse.
What is particularly significant is that 90.5% of postdocs feel under pressure, while 25.9% of those surveyed say they often feel like they cannot express themselves freely. In particular, 76% of scientists hold back when it comes to topics that concern Israel. This reluctance is evident not only in research and teaching, but also in public events (81%) and media articles (54%). The reasons are varied: fear of misunderstandings, public hostility and the threat of professional consequences. The dependence on third-party funding increases this pressure, especially for freelance scientists.
Self-censorship and scientific integrity
The results of the study, in which 477 scientists from a targeted sample took part, shed a critical light on academic freedom in Germany. Almost a quarter of those surveyed no longer feel free to express their opinions in their academic work. Jannis Julien Grimm, the project leader of the study, makes it clear that the negative debate climate is one cause of the perceived threat. Self-censorship is particularly pronounced when criticizing Israel or showing solidarity with Palestine.
The pressure on scientists runs in both directions. While some avoid frequent criticism of Israel, others are cautious when it comes to expressions of solidarity for Palestinians. Scientists who were not involved in the study are also aware of the negative effects of the debate climate. Political scientist Heiko Giebler criticizes the scientific usability of the survey, but recognizes the value of the results as a reflection of the current mood in science.
The context of German academic freedom
The study also points to an increased perception of pressure to avoid the issue of Israel/Palestine, which was confirmed by over 50% of respondents. 27.8%, on the other hand, feel increased pressure to speak out publicly. These observations echo other national and international studies on academic freedom of speech. Particularly noteworthy are the challenges that arise from the high level of politicization of the Israel/Palestine issue in German society. Many scientists report personal experiences with hate speech and threats on the Internet, as well as allegations of anti-Semitism and media defamation.
The study shows a clear need for action: protective mechanisms for young scientists must be improved, and a supportive culture of debate must be promoted. Universities are required to protect the freedom of expression and the integrity of their researchers. This is seen as a priority task for educational institutions. In summary, the study represents not only a comprehensive analysis of the current situation, but also an urgent plea for academic freedom in Germany. Further information can be found at Free University of Berlin.