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Study reveals: This is how we save the ecosystems of the future!
International study published by the University of Göttingen on the protection and restoration of ecosystems; Focus on local adaptation.
Study reveals: This is how we save the ecosystems of the future!
On June 6, 2025, a research team led by the University of Göttingen and the Free University of Berlin are conducting an international study on ecosystem restoration. This study highlights the need to adapt restoration methods to local conditions. The researchers found that similar ecosystems respond differently to the same methods, highlighting the diversity of approaches to ecosystem restoration.
The main goal of this comprehensive study is to promote carbon absorption, improve soil water retention and nutrient recycling. Results of the study were published in the journal Ecography. As part of the study, scientists started a project to restore dry, Mediterranean landscapes in 2019. Regions examined included the Mediterranean, California, Chile, South Africa and Australia.
Development of a computer model
A central element of the research was the development of a computer model that enables the analysis of plant combinations in different soils and climate zones. The model had shown consistency with real-world results from a restoration project in Australia. However, it has been noted that difficulties arise when trying to achieve all environmental goals at the same time. Therefore, compromises are required, depending on local soil and climate conditions.
Dr. Sebastian Fiedler, who was involved in the study as a postdoctoral researcher, emphasizes the usefulness of the model. It can help select appropriate plants for specific restoration projects. However, he points out that the model does not currently take factors such as wildfires into account, which requires future research efforts.
The role of ecosystem-based adaptation
Ecosystem-based adaptation (EbA) is a concept that emphasizes the protection, restoration and sustainable use of ecosystem services and biodiversity. The aim of EbA is to increase people's ability to adapt to the consequences of climate change and to minimize negative impacts. The concept differs significantly from traditional methods in natural resource management and emphasizes the importance of biodiversity.
EbA is viewed as a nature-based solution (NbS) that takes a holistic approach. It integrates the needs of biodiversity and ecosystem services into comprehensive adaptation strategies. Comprehensive assessments of climate vulnerability and risks to people are essential. EbA provides both direct and indirect benefits to increase resilience to climate change and includes measures to restore and improve ecosystems.
These approaches are not only more cost-effective than technical solutions, but also require participatory decision-making processes that empower local populations. The International climate initiative (IKI) supports projects for the practical application of these concepts and promotes their integration into land use-related planning processes.
In summary, restoring and preserving ecosystems is critical in the context of climate change. The findings of the University of Göttingen study and the principles of ecosystem-based adaptation are essential for developing effective strategies for adaptation and improving the quality of life in the affected regions.